【一】
一、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成(形式)
外教一對(duì)一 一般式 doing being done http://www.yangjiajiao.com
完成式 having done having been done
過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成：done
二、過(guò)去分詞的用法
過(guò)去分詞一般表示完成的和被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，只有一種形式。
過(guò)去分詞用法如下：
1.作定語(yǔ) 和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法相同。作定語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在名詞的前面;如果是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，要放在名詞的后面。
2.作表語(yǔ)
3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
4.作狀語(yǔ)
三、現(xiàn)在分詞的用法
1. 作定語(yǔ) 作定語(yǔ)用的分詞如果是單詞，一般放在名詞的前面。如果是分詞短語(yǔ)，一般放在名詞的后面，它的功用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。
2. 作表語(yǔ)
3. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 分詞在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中可作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)�？蓭н@種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。
高一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
虛擬語(yǔ)氣
虛擬語(yǔ)氣也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。所謂虛擬語(yǔ)氣是表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測(cè)或建議，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)。它通過(guò)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來(lái)表示。
現(xiàn)歸納如下：純假設(shè)，用虛擬，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級(jí)：條件句，分主從，主句謂語(yǔ)前加would (should,could，might);表愿望,用虛擬，wish后面接賓語(yǔ)(從句)：現(xiàn)在過(guò)去與將來(lái)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級(jí)：提建議，用虛擬，賓語(yǔ)(從句)動(dòng)詞用(should)do：倆建議，三要求，再加堅(jiān)持與命令
(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接叢句用虛擬：部分主語(yǔ)從句中， 謂語(yǔ)用虛擬結(jié)構(gòu) (It is necessry
/important/natural/natural/strange/strange that„„should do)。 下面舉例說(shuō)明：
A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (條件句虛擬)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虛擬)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建議虛擬)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊從句虛擬)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主語(yǔ)從句虛擬) H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊從句虛擬)
高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
一、一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語(yǔ)+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我問(wèn)，誰(shuí)要去那里。
二、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。
【二】
1. the ancient Olympic Games 古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)
2. compete in …compete with other countries for world market 與其它國(guó)家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)國(guó)際市場(chǎng)
compete in a race 參加賽跑
compete with [against] sb. for sth. 與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而獲得某物
Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning.我們希臘各個(gè)城市之間曾經(jīng)為了榮譽(yù)而彼此之間相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
3. take part in 參加
We all had to take part in the training run, with nobody excepted.
我們大家都得參加跑步訓(xùn)練, 無(wú)人例外.
4. What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? 奧運(yùn)旗幟上的五環(huán)代表什么?
stand for 代表;表示;主張;支持;擁護(hù);容忍;允許
What does
I won't stand for his insults any longer. 我再不能容忍他的污辱了。
5. (a) volunteer for (……志愿者)志愿做……。
6. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and used to write about the Olympics a long time ago
We used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters.我們過(guò)去常寫信聯(lián)系對(duì)方。
I am used to reading stories to my daughter every night and she enjoys it.我習(xí)慣了每天給女兒講故事，她也非常喜歡這樣做。
Wood can be used to make furniture. 木頭能用來(lái)做家具。
There used to be a temple at the place where our school stands now.在我們學(xué)校所在之處過(guò)去有一座廟。
7.on a regular basis 定期地He comes to visit us on a regular basis.他定期來(lái)看望我們。
、
I. be going to 的用法
be going to結(jié)構(gòu)表示按計(jì)劃、打算去做某事，表示人的主管意圖，有時(shí)還可表示預(yù)測(cè)有跡象要發(fā)生某事。如：
. How long is your aunt going to stay in China for a visit?
(計(jì)劃、打算)
. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
(有跡象要發(fā)生)
. George is putting on weight. He is going to be quite fat.
(預(yù)測(cè))
II. be going to與will的區(qū)別
. will表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為、相信要發(fā)生的事, 不含具體時(shí)間, 可以指遙遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái); be going to 表示按計(jì)劃、打算即將發(fā)生的事。
. 二者都可以表示“意圖” 。但是表示事先考慮的事情用be going to, 否則用will。如: I am not going to / won’t tell him about it.
--This is a very heavy box.
--I’ll help you to carry it.
. be going to 可以用在條件句中表示 將來(lái), will則不行。 如:
If you are going to attend the party, you’d better leave now.
不定式作狀語(yǔ)
不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
He broke into the house to steal something.
Many drug addicts are now in treatment centers to stop taking drugs.
He’s saving up to buy a new car.
He uses a computer to send emails.
2)有時(shí)候在不定式前面加上in order to或 so as to, 否定式為 in order not to 和so as not to:
Let’s hurry so as to go to school in time.
Let’s hurry so as not to be late for school.
She studied very hard in order to catch up with others.
She studied very hard in order not to lag behind.
3) 不定式表示目的時(shí),通常它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ),但如果不是的話,就要用for„ 結(jié)構(gòu)表示邏輯主語(yǔ),如：
Mom opened the door for Jane and Betty to come in.
